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Engraving machine special inverter solution

I. Summary

At present, CNC engraving machines have gradually become an essential professional tool for production in various industries. With the development of CNC numerical control technology and high-performance inverter controller and servo drive equipment in various production industries, CNC engraving machine has become the mainstream configuration of today's engraving industry.

The spindle system is an important component of the CNC engraving machine, and its performance has a crucial influence on the performance of the CNC engraving machine. As the heart of the spindle system, the frequency converter is an indispensable key component.

Second, the composition and working principle of the engraving machine

Today's mainstream CNC engraving machine is composed of three parts: computer, engraving machine controller and engraving machine. Its working principle is to design and typeset the pattern through special engraving software configured in the computer, and transmit the design and typesetting information to the engraving through the computer. In the machine controller, the controller converts the information into a pulse signal capable of driving the stepping motor or the servo motor, and controls the positioning of the engraving cutters of the X, Y, and Z axes on the main body of the engraving machine. At the same time, the controller starts the inverter, drives the engraving head of the spindle motor to rotate at a high speed, cuts and drills the machining materials fixed on the main table, and can engrave various plane or three-dimensional relief patterns designed in the computer. And text, to achieve automatic carving work, according to different processing materials and process requirements, can be combined with different dedicated configuration tools.

Third, the CNC spindle machine control syste

mThe spindle system is an important component of the CNC engraving machine, and its performance has a crucial influence on the performance of the CNC engraving machine.

The CNC engraving machine requires the spindle system to adopt stepless speed change. At present, the inverter is driven by an asynchronous AC motor. The spindle motor adopts a two-pole high-speed brushless water-cooled motor, which has low noise and large cutting force. The running speed is generally 0~24000r/min, and the corresponding inverter running frequency is 0~400Hz. In order to improve the processing efficiency, a large engraving machine is equipped with multiple spindle heads, and one inverter drives multiple spindle motors at the same time.

Thanks to its unique super performance and superior cost performance, the 瑋 (South/Italian) frequency converter meets the requirements of wide spindle speed range, high speed stability, strong overload capability, low speed torque and short acceleration and deceleration time. The performance characteristics of the domestic engraving machine market occupy a considerable market share.

Among them, WK9600 series small power mini non-inductive vector type inverter is small in size and cost-effective, and is widely used in engraving machine systems with spindle power lower than 3.7KW. The Kenken WK9600 series high-frequency inverter is suitable for high-power spindles. It has high power and stable torque during cutting. It is widely used in engraving machines and engraving and milling machine systems of 5.5KW and above.

Fourth, the electrical wiring diagram of the spindle system and the inverter parameter settings

The engraving machine power supply system has single-phase 220V and three-phase 380V. Most models use a single-phase 220V supply. The electrical wiring method is divided into the following two according to the different ways of giving the frequency source:

1, the spindle frequency source is the analog given way

The frequency source of the inverter adopts the 0~10V analog signal output by the numerical control system, and the corresponding running frequency is 0~650Hz. In this way, the spindle can be steplessly regulated, and the spindle cutting speed can be changed in real time according to different engraving objects or engraving processes. It is widely used in medium and high-end engraving machines that require higher and finer engraving processes.

AI1/ACOM accepts the 0~10V analog signal output by the controller. This voltage value is proportional to the speed regulation frequency range set by the parameter in the inverter. X5/DCOM is the forward rotation signal of the inverter. When the controller sends a forward rotation signal, the output relay on the controller acts, the normally open contact of the relay is closed, and the signal is supplied to the inverter. When the inverter selects the three-phase input, it can be connected to the R, S and T terminals. TA/TB/TC is the inverter relay output. Usually, the inverter fault alarm output is selected and connected to the engraving machine controller or external fault indication loop.

Fifth, the main function parameters of the inverter are set as follows:

1. The spindle frequency source is the multi-speed speed given mode.

According to the processing requirements of the engraving machine, the user sets the multiple running frequencies of the spindle in advance in the inverter parameters. When the numerical control system requires different spindle frequencies, the multi-channel digital signals output by the engraving controller are set according to the preset. The frequency converter corresponding to the combination mode sets the operating frequency, and can quickly respond to the requirements of the spindle speed in the engraving program written by the user, so that the engraving achieves the best effect. The spindle running in this mode is not steplessly regulated, and can only run a fixed number of frequencies. It is generally used in occasions where the engraving process is required to be low and the engraving machine at the lower end.

X5/DCOM is the forward rotation signal of the inverter, and the engraving machine controller sends a forward rotation signal to start the spindle motor. X1/X2/X3/DCOM is a digital signal selected for multi-speed. Connected to the passive output contact of the engraving machine controller, the inverter runs according to the different combination signals of X1, X2 and X3.

When the customer requires a shorter deceleration time, the brake resistor can be connected as needed to access the P+/PB of the main circuit terminal. Brake resistor power can be selected by referring to the machine power class in the appendix of the manual.

2, the performance requirements of the engraving machine

※The speed fluctuation is small in the full speed range.

※The low speed torque is large, which can guarantee low speed cutting.

※The acceleration and deceleration time is as short as possible.

     The lowest cutting speed can be below 500r/min. Thanks to the multi-section VF curve, the converter can control the high and low speed different torque boosts, so it can meet the requirements of high-speed engraving machine. Specific commissioning parameters (for rated frequency 400Hz, rated voltage 380V, rated speed 24000):

P0-01 2: V/F control

P0-02 1: Terminal command channel

P0-03 2: AI1

P0-10 Maximum frequency: 400.00Hz

P0-12 upper limit frequency: 400.00Hz

P0-17 Acceleration time: 20~30s

P0-18 Deceleration time: 20~30s

Group P1 (motor parameters), input according to the nameplate of the high speed motor.

P3-00 1: Multi-point V/F curve

P3-02 Lift cutoff frequency: 400.0Hz

P3-03 V/F frequency point 1 0.0Hz

P3-04 V/F voltage point 1 2 .0~ 4.0%

P3-05 V/F frequency point 2 100.0Hz

P3-06 V/F voltage point 2 26.0~30.0%

P3-07 V/F frequency point 3 300.0HZ

P3-08 V/F voltage point 3 75.0~80.0%

According to the actual situation, P3-03~P3-08 can be properly adjusted to ensure that it does not flow under the cutting state.

Sixth. classification and application industry of engraving machine

According to the application, CNC engraving machine can be divided into: wood engraving machine, stone engraving machine, advertising engraving machine, cylindrical engraving machine, craft engraving machine, etc.

1. Woodworking engraving machine is mainly used for wood processing to make it more beautiful.

2. Stone engraving machine can engrave calligraphy and painting on stone, ceramics and ceramic tiles.

3, advertising engraving machine is widely used to engrave all kinds of signs, plexiglass, stone door, three-dimensional signage, decorative gifts and so on.

4. The cylindrical engraving machine, also known as the three-dimensional engraving machine, can engrave on the surface of cylindrical objects.

5, handicraft engraving machine commonly known as jade carving machine. Its precision is high, the engraving speed is relatively slow, and the table size is also small, which is suitable for fine handicraft engraving.